Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Urinary Tract Physiological Conditions Promote Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Low-Level-Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00602-16

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genotypes of isogenic and UPEC strains a

Article Snippet: These results indicate that anaerobic growth in urine increased the CIP MIC at pH 7 (2-fold to 8-fold), pH 6 (16-fold to 64-fold), and pH 5 (128-fold to 512-fold). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 4 caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) in MH broth and urine at pH: 7 6 5 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 ATCC 25922 4 8 32 64 128 256 EC01 1 8 8 64 32 256 EC02 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC03 2 8 16 64 32 128 EC04 2 4 16 32 64 128 EC05 1 4 16 64 64 256 EC06 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC07 2 8 16 64 64 256 EC08 2 4 16 32 128 256 EC09 1 4 16 64 32 128 Open in a separate window a O 2 , aerobic incubation; nO 2 , anaerobic incubation.

Techniques:

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Urinary Tract Physiological Conditions Promote Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Low-Level-Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00602-16

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ciprofloxacin MICs for E. coli strains in urine at different pH values a

Article Snippet: These results indicate that anaerobic growth in urine increased the CIP MIC at pH 7 (2-fold to 8-fold), pH 6 (16-fold to 64-fold), and pH 5 (128-fold to 512-fold). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 4 caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) in MH broth and urine at pH: 7 6 5 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 ATCC 25922 4 8 32 64 128 256 EC01 1 8 8 64 32 256 EC02 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC03 2 8 16 64 32 128 EC04 2 4 16 32 64 128 EC05 1 4 16 64 64 256 EC06 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC07 2 8 16 64 64 256 EC08 2 4 16 32 128 256 EC09 1 4 16 64 32 128 Open in a separate window a O 2 , aerobic incubation; nO 2 , anaerobic incubation.

Techniques:

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Urinary Tract Physiological Conditions Promote Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Low-Level-Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00602-16

Figure Lengend Snippet: MICs of ciprofloxacin for isogenic E. coli strains in MH broth at different pH values a

Article Snippet: These results indicate that anaerobic growth in urine increased the CIP MIC at pH 7 (2-fold to 8-fold), pH 6 (16-fold to 64-fold), and pH 5 (128-fold to 512-fold). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 4 caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) in MH broth and urine at pH: 7 6 5 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 ATCC 25922 4 8 32 64 128 256 EC01 1 8 8 64 32 256 EC02 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC03 2 8 16 64 32 128 EC04 2 4 16 32 64 128 EC05 1 4 16 64 64 256 EC06 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC07 2 8 16 64 64 256 EC08 2 4 16 32 128 256 EC09 1 4 16 64 32 128 Open in a separate window a O 2 , aerobic incubation; nO 2 , anaerobic incubation.

Techniques:

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Urinary Tract Physiological Conditions Promote Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Low-Level-Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00602-16

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mean fold changes in MICs of ciprofloxacin in MH broth and urine at different values of pH and anaerobiosis a

Article Snippet: These results indicate that anaerobic growth in urine increased the CIP MIC at pH 7 (2-fold to 8-fold), pH 6 (16-fold to 64-fold), and pH 5 (128-fold to 512-fold). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 4 caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) in MH broth and urine at pH: 7 6 5 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 O 2 nO 2 ATCC 25922 4 8 32 64 128 256 EC01 1 8 8 64 32 256 EC02 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC03 2 8 16 64 32 128 EC04 2 4 16 32 64 128 EC05 1 4 16 64 64 256 EC06 4 8 16 32 128 256 EC07 2 8 16 64 64 256 EC08 2 4 16 32 128 256 EC09 1 4 16 64 32 128 Open in a separate window a O 2 , aerobic incubation; nO 2 , anaerobic incubation.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test based on simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/srep23375

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) E. coli (ATCC 25922); ( b ) clinical isolate of imipenem-resistant E. coli with (red curves) and without (black curves) imipenem treatment; ( c ) signal ratio of 654-cm −1 SERS peak ( r 654 ) of E. coli (ATCC 25922) as a function of imipenem treatment time; ( d ) r 654 of imipenem-resistant E. coli as a function of imipenem treatment time; ( e ) signal ratio of 724-cm −1 SERS peak ( r 724 ) of E. coli (ATCC 25922) as a function of imipenem treatment time; ( f ) r 724 of imipenem-resistant E. coli as a function of imipenem treatment time. Black and red curves represent the mean SERS spectra, while gray and light red curves represent their corresponding standard deviation.

Article Snippet: Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922 and ATCC 35218) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test based on simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/srep23375

Figure Lengend Snippet: After being treated by antibiotics for 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 hours, the bacteria were stained with PI (fluorescing red) and SYTO 9 (fluorescing green). BF: bright-field image; FL: fluorescence image. ( a ) S. aureus (ATCC 29213) treated with oxacillin; ( b ) E. coli (ATCC 25922) treated with imipenem; ( c ) percentage of dead bacteria ( f dead ): S. aureus (black columns) and E. coli (gray columns). f dead = N r /( N g + N r − N g + r ), where N r is the count of the red signatures, N g is the count of the green signatures, and N g + r is the count that the green and red signatures overlap. The scale bars represent 20 μ m.

Article Snippet: Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922 and ATCC 35218) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

Techniques: Bacteria, Staining, Fluorescence

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test based on simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/srep23375

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Signal ratio of 730-cm −1 SERS peak ( r 730 ) of S. aureus versus vancomycin treatment time at concentrations of 0.5 μ g/ml (light gray columns), 1 μ g/ml (gray columns), and 2 μ g/ml (black columns); ( b , c ) signal ratios of 654-cm −1 SERS peak ( r 654 ) and 724-cm −1 SERS peak ( r 724 ) of E. coli , respectively, versus imipenem treatment time at concentrations of 0.03 μ g/ml (light gray columns), 0.06 μ g/ml (gray columns), and 0.12 μ g/ml (black columns).

Article Snippet: Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922 and ATCC 35218) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test based on simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/srep23375

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a – c ) Signal ratio of 654-cm −1 SERS peak ( r 654 ) of E. coli of inoculum densities of 10 6 , 10 7 and 10 8 CFU/ml, respectively, after being treated with different concentrations of imipenem for 2 hrs.

Article Snippet: Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922 and ATCC 35218) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: MurF Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity: Effect on Muropeptide Levels ▿

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00166-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative amounts of UDP-MurNAc-tripeptide and -pentapeptide in E. coli OC2530 overexpressing MurF a

Article Snippet: In contrast, cycloserine was more potent than DQ1 against wild-type E. coli (MICs, 16 to 32 μg/ml) and displayed activity (MICs, 32 to 128 μg/ml) against the strains of gram-positive bacteria tested. fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1. caption a7 Structures of the MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1. caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) DQ1 DQ1 plus 2 μg/ml PMBN PMBN only DQ2 Cycloserine E. coli OC2530 (LPS defective) 8 2 16 8 64 E. coli OC2605 >32 4 32 >32 16 E. coli OC9040 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. coli ATCC 25922 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. faecalis ATCC 29212 >32 >32 >64 8 128 E. faecium OC3312 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus ATCC 29213 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC3726 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC2878 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus OC4172 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Open in a separate window Susceptibilities of bacterial strains to MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2 The hydrophobic nature of DQ1 suggested that poor permeability might be responsible for the lack of measureable MICs for wild-type E. coli .

Techniques: Control

Journal:

Article Title: MurF Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity: Effect on Muropeptide Levels ▿

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00166-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: Susceptibilities of bacterial strains to MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2

Article Snippet: In contrast, cycloserine was more potent than DQ1 against wild-type E. coli (MICs, 16 to 32 μg/ml) and displayed activity (MICs, 32 to 128 μg/ml) against the strains of gram-positive bacteria tested. fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1. caption a7 Structures of the MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1. caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) DQ1 DQ1 plus 2 μg/ml PMBN PMBN only DQ2 Cycloserine E. coli OC2530 (LPS defective) 8 2 16 8 64 E. coli OC2605 >32 4 32 >32 16 E. coli OC9040 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. coli ATCC 25922 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. faecalis ATCC 29212 >32 >32 >64 8 128 E. faecium OC3312 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus ATCC 29213 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC3726 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC2878 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus OC4172 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Open in a separate window Susceptibilities of bacterial strains to MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2 The hydrophobic nature of DQ1 suggested that poor permeability might be responsible for the lack of measureable MICs for wild-type E. coli .

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: MurF Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity: Effect on Muropeptide Levels ▿

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00166-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Growth curves of E. coli OC2530 treated with DQ1. DQ1 was added to mid-logarithmic-phase cultures at 0.5× MIC (diamonds), 1× MIC (circles), 2× MIC (triangles), or 4× MIC (solid squares); and the OD was monitored. The growth curves of a control (to which DMSO was added; solid line) and a cycloserine-treated culture (2× MIC; open squares) are also shown. Aliquots of the cultures were removed for quantitation of CFU at 30 min (B) and 3 h (C).

Article Snippet: In contrast, cycloserine was more potent than DQ1 against wild-type E. coli (MICs, 16 to 32 μg/ml) and displayed activity (MICs, 32 to 128 μg/ml) against the strains of gram-positive bacteria tested. fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1. caption a7 Structures of the MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1. caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) DQ1 DQ1 plus 2 μg/ml PMBN PMBN only DQ2 Cycloserine E. coli OC2530 (LPS defective) 8 2 16 8 64 E. coli OC2605 >32 4 32 >32 16 E. coli OC9040 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. coli ATCC 25922 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. faecalis ATCC 29212 >32 >32 >64 8 128 E. faecium OC3312 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus ATCC 29213 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC3726 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC2878 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus OC4172 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Open in a separate window Susceptibilities of bacterial strains to MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2 The hydrophobic nature of DQ1 suggested that poor permeability might be responsible for the lack of measureable MICs for wild-type E. coli .

Techniques: Control, Quantitation Assay

Journal:

Article Title: MurF Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity: Effect on Muropeptide Levels ▿

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00166-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microscopy of E. coli OC2530 incubated for 5 h without DQ1 (A and C) and with 0.5× MIC of DQ1 (B and D). (A and B) light microscopy; (C and D) TEM.

Article Snippet: In contrast, cycloserine was more potent than DQ1 against wild-type E. coli (MICs, 16 to 32 μg/ml) and displayed activity (MICs, 32 to 128 μg/ml) against the strains of gram-positive bacteria tested. fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1. caption a7 Structures of the MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1. caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) DQ1 DQ1 plus 2 μg/ml PMBN PMBN only DQ2 Cycloserine E. coli OC2530 (LPS defective) 8 2 16 8 64 E. coli OC2605 >32 4 32 >32 16 E. coli OC9040 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. coli ATCC 25922 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. faecalis ATCC 29212 >32 >32 >64 8 128 E. faecium OC3312 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus ATCC 29213 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC3726 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC2878 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus OC4172 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Open in a separate window Susceptibilities of bacterial strains to MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2 The hydrophobic nature of DQ1 suggested that poor permeability might be responsible for the lack of measureable MICs for wild-type E. coli .

Techniques: Microscopy, Incubation, Light Microscopy

Journal:

Article Title: MurF Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity: Effect on Muropeptide Levels ▿

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00166-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative amounts of UDP-MurNAc-tripeptide and -pentapeptide at different concentrations of MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2

Article Snippet: In contrast, cycloserine was more potent than DQ1 against wild-type E. coli (MICs, 16 to 32 μg/ml) and displayed activity (MICs, 32 to 128 μg/ml) against the strains of gram-positive bacteria tested. fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window FIG. 1. caption a7 Structures of the MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1. caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) DQ1 DQ1 plus 2 μg/ml PMBN PMBN only DQ2 Cycloserine E. coli OC2530 (LPS defective) 8 2 16 8 64 E. coli OC2605 >32 4 32 >32 16 E. coli OC9040 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. coli ATCC 25922 >32 8 64 >32 32 E. faecalis ATCC 29212 >32 >32 >64 8 128 E. faecium OC3312 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus ATCC 29213 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC3726 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus OC2878 >32 >32 >64 8 64 S. aureus OC4172 >32 >32 >64 8 32 Open in a separate window Susceptibilities of bacterial strains to MurF inhibitors DQ1 and DQ2 The hydrophobic nature of DQ1 suggested that poor permeability might be responsible for the lack of measureable MICs for wild-type E. coli .

Techniques: Control